1. Basketball player Kobe Bryant was born on August 23, 1978. Where was he born?

2. Antonia Novello, who was born on August 23, 1944, became the first woman and the first person of color to serve in what role in the U.S. federal government?

3. The first season of the U.S. version of what reality program ended on August 23, 2000?

4. Who defeated the Ṣafavids of Iran in the Battle of Chāldirān on August 23, 1514?

5. What Scottish leader was executed for treason on August 23, 1305?